Using Frankincense-Soak as Saudi-Habit for Eliminating the Microbial-Causes of Respiratory-Tract During Corona-Pandemic

ABSTRACT

The frankincense-soak using for pulmonary infection by Arab-habit, particularly during the pandemic disease COVID-19. It worldwide still using for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The extracts and essential oils using as antibacterial in treat coughs. It used since ancient times for instated of medicine. The aim was according to the frankincense-soak using for pulmonary infection by Arab-habit, particularly in the present time due to the pandemic disease COVID-19. So, frankincense-soak chemicals contents had the ability to eliminate microbial-causes of respiratory-tract. It was an Arab-habit in order to eliminate the microbial infection of the respiratory-tract. Therefore, the Saudi-habit was tested on the most important microbial causes were isolated from the respiratory-tract during Corona-pandemic. It was very common during Corona-pandemic for decrease infection signs, fastest cure, and protection from Corona-virus infection. The methodology included preparation of frankincense-soak, preparation of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and exposure to frankincense-soak. Prevalence of bacterial living cell/mL after exposure to frankincense-soak, the mean for Streptococcus pneumonia was 29.4, Klebsiella pneumonia was 38.5, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 42.1 respectively. So, the Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to frankincense-soak than Gram-positive bacteria. They were taken longer time than gram positive bacteria. Prevalence of fungal living cell/mL after exposure to frankincense-soak, the elimination mean for Candida sp. was 47.2, and Aspergillus sp. was 50.7 respectively. So, Aspergillus sp. were more resistant to frankincense-soak than Candida sp. They were taken longer time and higher mean than Candida sp. It was concluded through the result that the use of frankincense-soak eliminated microbial causes and strengthens the respiratory-tract in short periods. It was recommending the use of frankincense-soak as an alternative medication with the discretion decided by the “Pharmacy Department” for quick treatment without any side effects.

KEYWORDS

Frankincense-soak; Arab-habit; Corona-pandemic; Living cell; Bacterial; Fungal

INTRODUCTION

The frankincense-soak using for pulmonary infection by Arabhabit, particularly during the pandemic disease COVID-19 [1]. It worldwide still using for the treatment of respiratory tract infections [2]. The extracts and essential oils using as antibacterial in treat coughs [3]. It used since ancient times for instated of medicine [4]. The contents subordinate metabolites, as phenol, alkaloids, resins, essential oils, and gum, responsible for therapeutic effects [5]. The main contents are a-pinene 43%, Eritrean, Turkish oils are rich in octyl acetate 52%. The Indian oil is rich in a-thujene 61% [6]. It has 70% alcohol-soluble resin, 17% water soluble gum and 6% essential oil, had therapeutic potential. The essential oil and gum resin has been used to treat different diseases, had antimicrobial effect [7]. It had precious, ubiquitous, and antimicrobial action [8]. The antibacterial action of its essential oil was found important against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [9]. That it had moderate to higher antibacterial effect on various types of bacteria [10]. The oils had an antibacterial activity stronger than the tetracycline [11]. Flavonoids and phenolic compounds were the main constituents had the antimicrobial action. The extract was more efficient on Streptococcus pneumonia and on Klebsiella pneumonia [12]. The oils had highest zone of inhibition for Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [13]. The oil exhibited antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. Also, it had antibiofilm activity caused a significant reduction in biofilm formation 38.5% [14]. The antifungal and effect of essential oil inhibited the growth of fungi mycelia. The oil reduced aflatoxin production [15]. The essential oil had high effect on Candida sp., also extract treated diseases caused by Candida sp. [16]. As well, the effect of physical and synthetic chemical preservatives of oils and their aflatoxins inhibition activity, it had inhibition of aflatoxin secretion by Aspergillus sp. [17]. The aim was according to the frankincense-soak using for pulmonary infection by Arab-habit, particularly in the present time due to the pandemic disease COVID-19. So, frankincense-soak chemicals contents had the ability to eliminate microbial-causes of respiratory-tract. It was an Arab-habit in order to eliminate the microbial infection of the respiratory-tract. Therefore, the Saudi-habit was tested on the most important microbial causes were isolated from the respiratorytract during Corona-pandemic. It was very common during Coronapandemic for decrease infection signs, fastest cure, and protection from Corona-virus infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Preparation of Frankincense-Soak

Frankincense was bought from the Saudi-market, it was crushed, then five grams was put in 250ml distilled water. Then, it was left for 12 hours at room temperature to get frankincensesoak. This was based on the question of Saudi-individuals about the preparation way. This was produced crude frankincense-soak, then it was made the dilution by distilled water for (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%); [18].

Preparation of Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi

They were collected from the “Private Laboratory”, were isolated from the respiratory-tract infections of Corona infected patients. They were included the pathogenic Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida sp., and Aspergillus sp. They were prepared on “Mueller Hinton Broth”; (Lab M Ltd., UK). Then they were collected by centrifugation, splashed, resuspended, and attuned to 0.5 at 600 nm like to 106 colony formation units (CFU)/mL [19].

Exposure to Frankincense-Soak

Twenty tubes were prepared for each pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Two mL of the microbial suspension were added, then two mL of the frankincense-soak dilutions were added. The tubes were kept in incubator for the exposure periods (30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes). Then, after the frankincense-soak exposure periods, the mixtures were passed by bacterial film convenient, then the living cells/mL were counted [20].

Numerical Analysis

Completely values results were preserved by “IBM SPSS Figures Package 21”; (IBM, Armonk, NY, United States) [21].

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Prevalence of Bacterial Living Cell/Ml after Exposure to Frankincense-Soak

It was clear from the result in Table 1 that presented the mean for Streptococcus pneumonia was 29.4, Klebsiella pneumonia was 38.5, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 42.1 respectively. So, the Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to frankincense-soak than Gram-positive bacteria. They were taken longer time than Gram-positive bacteria [2-11]. Frankincense-soak eliminated Streptococcus pneumonia by 30% at 120 minutes, by 40% at 120 minutes, and by 50% at 90, and 120 minutes [12]. Frankincensesoak eliminated Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 50% at 120 minutes only. This indicated that Gram-negative bacteria were more resistant to the effect of the frankincense-soak than Gram-positive bacteria [13-14]. The use of the frankincensesoak was as Saudi-habit, especially during Corona-pandemic period. It used to help in reducing symptoms, eliminating microbial causes of the respiratory tract. As well that could be reduced infection with the Coronavirus by strengthening the respiratory system [1-2]. The most patients resorted to using herbal treatment, a form of Arabia Saudi-habit, to reduce the using of chemotherapeutic substances that could be leave side effects on the individuals [2-7].

Prevalence of Fungal Living Cell/Ml After Exposure to Frankincense-Soak

It was clear from the result in Table 2 that presented the elimination mean for Candida sp. was 47.2, and Aspergillus sp. was 50.7 respectively. So, Aspergillus sp. were more resistant to frankincense-soak than Candida sp. They were taken longer time and higher mean than Candida sp. [15-17]. Frankincense-soak was eliminated Candida sp. and Aspergillus sp. by 50% at 120 minutes only [15-17]. The use of the frankincense-soak was as Saudi-habit, was during Corona-pandemic period. That was to help reducing signs, killing respiratory-tract microbial causes. That could be reduced Corona-virus infection via respiratory system firming [1-2]. Most Arab persons using herbal treatment, as Arabia Saudihabit, to decrease using of chemotherapeutic treatment could be leave patients side effects [2-7].

CONCLUSION

It was concluded through the result that the use of frankincensesoak eliminated microbial causes and strengthens the respiratorytract in short periods.

RECOMMENDATION

It was recommending the use of frankincense-soak as an alternative medication with the discretion decided by the “Pharmacy Department” for quick treatment without any side effects.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Thanks to the “Private Laboratory” for helping to provide isolates to conduct this research.

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